Overuse injuries—such as tennis elbow, Achilles tendinopathy, rotator-cuff irritation, and chronic wrist strain—are among the most common issues faced by athletes, active adults, and workers who rely on repetitive motion. These conditions stem from micro-tears in tendons and surrounding tissues, leading to persistent, low-grade inflammation and pain. Growing research suggests that cannabinoids, particularly CBD, may help reduce this inflammation and support recovery.
At the center of this discussion is the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), which regulates inflammation, pain sensation, immune activity, and tissue repair. CB1 receptors are found in the nervous system and in certain musculoskeletal tissues. Notably, studies have identified increased CB1 receptor expression in injured or degenerative tendons, indicating that the ECS becomes more active in chronic overuse conditions. CB2 receptors, found primarily on immune cells, play a critical role in controlling inflammatory responses.
Cannabidiol (CBD) interacts indirectly with these receptors while influencing a wide range of other biological pathways. Research shows CBD can reduce production of pro-inflammatory molecules such as TNF-α and IL-1β and can modulate immune cell activity involved in chronic tendon and soft-tissue inflammation. Preclinical studies also suggest cannabinoids like CBG have anti-inflammatory properties, while THC may provide pain relief but shows less consistent inflammation-reducing effects on its own.
When it comes to pain, cannabinoids appear to modulate both peripheral nerves and central pain pathways. Reviews of CBD in sports recovery highlight its potential to reduce exercise-related pain and improve sleep—two factors strongly linked to healing in overuse injuries. Surveys of orthopaedic and sports medicine patients show that many already use CBD for joint or tendon pain and often report meaningful symptom relief. While these findings are encouraging, most are observational, and controlled clinical trials specific to overuse injuries remain limited.
Even so, cannabinoids may offer meaningful benefits when used alongside standard treatments. Tendon and soft-tissue recovery still relies on rest, gradual loading, physical therapy, and correcting movement patterns. Cannabinoids may support these strategies by lowering inflammatory signaling, improving comfort during rehabilitation exercises, and promoting better sleep—a crucial factor in tissue healing. They are not a cure but may be a helpful complementary tool.
People typically use cannabinoids for overuse injuries in two main ways:
- Topical CBD creams or balms applied directly to the affected area. These may produce localized effects with minimal systemic absorption.
- Oral oils, capsules, or edibles, which may provide broader anti-inflammatory activity but also carry a higher chance of side effects or interactions with medications.
Because dosing is not standardized, most medical guidance emphasizes starting with low doses, monitoring symptoms, and adjusting gradually.
Active individuals must also consider legal and anti-doping rules. Under the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), THC and most cannabinoids are prohibited during competition. Only pure CBD is permitted, and even then, contaminated products can result in a positive THC test. This makes third-party-tested products essential for competitive athletes. Outside sports, cannabis legality varies widely across states, affecting what products are accessible.
Overall, current scientific evidence supports a biologically plausible role for cannabinoids—especially CBD—in helping reduce inflammation and discomfort tied to overuse injuries. However, more targeted human trials are needed before definitive claims can be made. For now, cannabinoids are best understood as a complementary recovery option that may help people better manage pain, control inflammation, and stay consistent with rehabilitation programs. As always, individuals considering cannabinoid therapy should consult a healthcare provider to ensure safe and appropriate use.